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What I offer

Four kinds of life insurance, in plain language.

Every one of these does the same basic job: if you die, money goes to the people you named, income-tax-free in most cases. What changes is how long the coverage lasts, what it costs, and whether it builds value while you’re alive.

Term Life

Parents with young kids, a mortgage, or income someone else depends on.

Coverage for a set number of years — usually 10, 20 or 30. If something happens to you inside that window, your family gets the payout. It is the least expensive way to buy a large amount of protection.

  • Lowest cost per dollar of coverage
  • Fixed premium for the whole term
  • Ends when the term ends — many policies can be converted to permanent coverage before then

Whole Life

People who want one policy that stays in force for life, and a pool of money they can use along the way.

Permanent coverage with a premium that does not change and a death benefit that does not expire. It builds guaranteed cash value you can borrow against, and a participating policy may also be credited a dividend each year — which is not guaranteed.

  • Guaranteed death benefit as long as premiums are paid
  • Level premium for life
  • Builds guaranteed cash value on a contractual schedule
  • A participating policy may be credited an annual dividend — not guaranteed
  • You can borrow against the cash value without applying to a lender

Indexed Universal Life (IUL)

People who already have the basics covered and want permanent coverage with cash-value flexibility.

Permanent coverage with flexible premiums, where the cash value earns interest credited according to the movement of a market index, subject to caps, floors and participation rates set by the insurer.

  • Flexible premium and adjustable death benefit
  • Interest credited based on an index, with a floor that limits crediting in a down year
  • Values are not guaranteed and depend on policy charges and index performance

Final Expense

Older adults, and anyone who wants their family not to fundraise for a funeral.

A small whole life policy, usually $5,000 to $25,000, built to cover a funeral, burial and the bills that land in the weeks afterward. Underwriting is simplified — often health questions only, no medical exam.

  • Smaller face amounts, affordable monthly premium
  • Simplified underwriting — health questions, typically no exam
  • Coverage does not expire while premiums are paid

Side by side

The short comparison

A rough guide, not a quote. What you’d actually pay depends on your age, your health and the amount of coverage.

  Term Whole Life Indexed UL Final Expense
How long it lasts A set term, usually 10–30 years For life For life, if funded properly For life
Cost per $100k Lowest Higher Higher, flexible Not usually sold at that size
Premium Level for the term Level for life Flexible within limits Level for life
Builds cash value No Yes, on a guaranteed schedule Yes, credited by index formula, not guaranteed Yes, modest
Typical face amount $100k–$2M+ $25k–$1M+ $100k+ $5k–$25k
Medical exam Often skipped, sometimes required Usually required at larger amounts Usually required Health questions, typically no exam

Ranges are general industry norms and are shown to help you think about the shape of each product. They are not an offer, a quote or a guarantee. Availability, issue ages, face amounts and premiums are set by each insurance company and vary by state and by applicant — which is exactly why I keep a wide bench of carriers rather than one.

A word about cash value

Permanent policies can build a balance. Here’s the honest version.

Whole life and indexed universal life both accumulate cash value inside the policy. You can borrow against it or withdraw from it while you’re alive, which is a real feature and one reason people choose permanent coverage over term. On a participating whole life policy the insurer may also credit a dividend each year — that is not guaranteed, but where it happens it compounds into both the cash value and the death benefit.

It is also the part of this business that gets oversold. Cash value builds slowly in the early years, because the cost of the insurance and the policy charges come out first. Money you take out or borrow reduces the death benefit, and a loan that isn’t managed can put the policy at risk of lapsing — which can create a tax bill. On an indexed policy, the crediting depends on caps, floors and participation rates that the insurer can change within the limits of the contract, so the numbers on an illustration are projections, not promises.

None of that makes it a bad product. It makes it a product you should buy with your eyes open, and I’ll walk you through the guaranteed columns of an illustration, not just the flattering ones.

Asked about long-term care? Short page on that here.

Not sure which one fits?

That’s the normal starting point, and it’s a fifteen-minute conversation. I write in Texas, Arizona, Colorado, Maryland, Ohio and Vermont.